Relaxation times in an open interacting two-qubit system

In a two-qubit system the coupling with an environment considerably affects the entanglement dynamics, usually leads to the loss of entanglement within a finite time. Since entanglement is a key feature in the application of such systems to quantum information processing, it is highly desirable to find a way to prolonging its lifetime. We present a simple model of an interacting two-qubit system in the presence of a thermal Markovian environment. The qubits are modeled as interacting spin-1 /2 particles in a magnetic field and the environment is limited to inducing single spin-flip events. A simple scheme allows us to calculate the relaxation rates for all processes. We show that the relaxation dynamics of the most entangled state exhibit critical slowing down as a function of the magnetic field, where the relaxation rate changes from exponentially small values to finite values in the zero-temperature limit. We study the effect of temperature and magnetic field on all the other relaxation rates and find that they exhibit unusual properties, such as nonmonotonic dependence on temperature and a discontinuity as a function of magnetic field. In addition, a simple scheme to include non-Markovian effects is presented and applied to the two-qubit model. We find that the relaxation rates exhibit a sharp, cusplike resonant structure as a function of the environment memory time, and that for long memory times all the different relaxation rates merge into a single one.